原则：
1. 视听基本一致
2. 同义替换
3. 首尾顺序出题
4. 转折
步骤：
1. 预读选项，推测文章体裁
2. 根据顺序原则定位
3. 听语段，抓标志词，确定考点，在选项上标出
4. 听问题，将原文的`意思对应选项
1. 最高级标志词
The most/ chief / primary / main / leading
2. 唯一级标志词
only / unique / prefer / perfect ……
3. 逻辑关系词
despite / in spite of / because of p19,19/ although / not only ~ but also ……
4. 序数项标志词
有的序数词first/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / …
5. 总结项标志词
all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short
科技说明文出题点
Scientist/ psychologist/ expert/professor 做主语
Believe/found/ estimate/point out/suggest/mean/explain 做谓语
Research/ studies/,survey/ finding / 物做主语
Indicate/show/review/are/explain/prove/ mean/ 做谓语
